pratyakṣam
Knowledge gained through direct perception - a pramāṇam.
In Vedanta
Direct perception through the sense organs contacting their objects. It is the most immediate pramāṇam but is limited to revealing objects with attributes (saviśeṣa). Since Brahman is attributeless (nirviśeṣa) and not an object of the senses, pratyakṣam cannot operate as the means to self-knowledge.