saṃsāra
The cycle of becoming; the course of worldly life; the jīva's reality.
In Vedanta
The beginningless cycle of birth, death, and rebirth driven by karma and sustained by self-ignorance. Saṃsāra is not a place but a condition — the experience of being a limited, wanting, mortal being. It is the direct consequence of adhyāsa. Since saṃsāra is rooted in ignorance alone, it is resolved by knowledge alone, not by action.